At right, the home the day after the couple's bodies were discovered. When Fromme was in high school, her family moved to Redondo Beach, where Fromme began experimenting with drugs. According to her death certificate obtained by the tabloid, she died at a hospital in Tacoma on January 21 and her remains were cremated. Five members of hippie-cult leader Charles Manson's so-called family start a five-day trek, beginning June 23, from Hollywood's Sunset Strip to the Hall of Justice in the Civic Center. Grab a shopping cart and pull into the express lane of local history. She first stabbed her in the living room of the house, then chased her outside and stabbed her several more times. Five months later on Oct. 14, Gov. Shea was a ranch hand at Spahn Ranch in Chatsworth, where the transient Manson Family had been known to crash. However, Van Houten favored the hippie lifestyle over school and dropped out. As cult leaders go, few figures have received the notoriety of Manson. Jerry Brown elected to block his release, saying, "As I've discussed twice before, Davis' own actions demonstrate that he had fully bought into the depraved Manson Family beliefs. In 1969, she met a homeless teenage mother who had been abandoned by her husband named Linda Kasabian. Lynette Alice "Squeaky" Fromme was a member of the Manson Family, but she did not take part in the murders. Organizational Structure: Various organizations founded by Jouret functioned as arenas for recruiting members into distinct and secretive levels of initiation. This article was updated with Kasabian's death and also updated ages and parole statuses for other living people. Want to learn more about Charles Manson and his cult of followers? Two days later, Kasabian and her daughter left the Manson family and returned to New Hampshire. Charles Manson's followers were young and zealously committed. Eventually, the Manson Family was captured and convicted of the murders. Will Orange County's Fledgling Clean Power Agency Survive? Governor Newsom rejected that recommendation later that month. Manson died of natural causes in 2017 while serving a life sentence. Then, read about Mansons mother, Kathleen Maddox. Far from pleased, Manson said the . LBJ, Before the War on Poverty. Mary Och. There, she encountered Manson while he was playing guitar and soon accepted his invitation to join his commune. It is believed that a Manson commune member named Bruce White was the boy's father. As an actor, you almost never get the opportunity to transform in such a dramatic way. Rod Dubrow-Marshall received funding from the Economic and Social Research Council for the recent Social Science Festival event "Coercive Persuasion in the Era of Fake News". John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes FoundationMary Brunner (right) in court. There will be a day where [Manson] doesn't wake up again," Freeman said. Mary Och. He has also gotten married and fathered one child. Charles Manson was born in 1934 to a teenage mother in Ohio who, by all accounts, never wanted him. "Nothing, I mean, what is there to describe? Manson wasn't interested in retaining men, but he did everything to hang onto women. Manson represented to her a life of freedom and opportunity. On October 12, Manson was found hiding in a tiny cupboard at the Barker Ranch, where he was arrested for suspected auto theft. Prior to his involvement with the Manson Family, he worked for the Church of Scientology. Paul Watkins was a drifter who met Charles Manson at a house in Topanga Canyon in the spring of 1968. | History HISTORY 11.5M subscribers Subscribe 26K views 3 years ago #HistoryChannel Charles Manson's exploitation of sixties counterculture. Her mother died of cancer when Atkins was 15, and her father fell into alcoholism following his wife's death. George Spahn had owned the ranch since 1948, but by the time the Manson Family arrived, he was 81 years old and blind, James Buddy Day, author of Hippie Cult Leader: The Last Words of Charles Manson told The History Channel. Bugliosi believed that Kasabian would have testified even without immunity. According to Women Criminals: An Encyclopedia of People and Issues, Krenwinkel said she felt nothing when she killed her. LAist's new podcast LA Made: Blood Sweat & Rockets explores the history of Pasadena's Jet Propulsion Lab, co-founder Jack Parsons' interest in the occult and the creepy local lore of Devil's Gate Dam. In February 2022, the California Supreme Court declined to hear Van Houten's appeal of a previous Newsom decision. These inmates informed authorities of her story, which helped the detectives working the case. But what did people see in Manson and how did he manage to manipulate and control people so successfully and with such terrible consequences? Linda Kasabian, a member of Charles Manson's notorious cult that murdered film star Sharon Tate in 1969, has died at the age of 73. This gave him access to free airline tickets, which he used to visit an old college friend in Los Angeles. Brunner, Bobby Beausoleil, and Susan Atkins paid Hinman a visit one summers day. They remained married to her until she died. Let's take a look at where the key members of the Family are . Of course people do not see an advert for an abusive and murderous cult or how to end your life in trafficked drudgery but instead are told about an inspired and charismatic leader whose vision and purpose can transform their lives for the better and the whole of humanity with it. On Sept. 20, 2019, a court of appeals refused to overturn former Brown's decision. Mary Theresa Manson. In 2017, parole board commissioners once again denied Krenwinkel parole. Watson was sentenced to death in 1971, which was commuted to life in prison the following year. Leslie Van Houten was the youngest member of the Manson family and became well known for giggling . Although Manson himself was not a proven participant in any of the murders, he was convicted on seven counts of first-degree murder for his role in orchestrating the Tate and LaBianca murders. Helter Skelter had very little to do with the song, however. (L to R) Leslie Van Houten, Susan Atkins and Patricia Krenwinkel. Read about Lynette Squeaky Fromme, who tried to assassinate President Gerald Ford and now lives in upstate New York. This couple met members of the Manson Family, Nancy Pitman, Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme, and Priscila Cooper. He is Visiting Fellow in the Criminal Justice Hub in the Directorate of Social Sciences. Again, they . They did not kill the occupant of that apartment. He believed that once the race war began, he and his followers would hide until it had ended. Grogan has reportedly had no run-ins with the law since his release and lives in the Northern California Bay Area where he plays music with various bands. She later admitted that she did not cry for her mother, and vowed never to be that vulnerable again. To her left in the photo is Susan Denise Atkins, 21, and to her right Linda Kasabian, 20. In 1979, he married Kristin Joan Svege, with whom he fathered four children via conjugal visits. Post murders, Kasabian tried to live a quiet life with her children. The Manson Family (known among its members as the Family) was a commune, gang, and cult led by criminal Charles Manson that was active in California in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Linda Kasabian grew up in New England, dropped out of high school and drifted around the country. He settled in Tecopa, near Death Valley. This story was originally published in 2017 and has been updated multiple times to reflect the status of various Manson family members. 3 The Willett Murders. By 1967, Atkins had been abandoned by her father and was living in Los Banos, working as a waitress and attending high school while attempting to care for her little brother. In the mid-1970s, while doing time at Vacaville State Prison, Grogan got married and fathered two sons. She named the boy Zezozose Zadfrack Glutz. There is no other homeland or mother country. Freeman is the son of Jay White, who was born Charles Manson, Jr. His mother was Manson's wife, Rosalie Willis, who Manson married in 1955, years before his cult leader days. His whereabouts are currently unknown. Every weekday, you'll get fresh, community-driven stories that catch you up with our independent local news. She was released in 1977, changed her name and has since gone on to live a quiet, reclusive life, reportedly in the Midwest. The Manson Family was also responsible for the death of musician Gary Hinman, which occurred in July 1969, and the death of stuntman Donald Shea in late August. Ryan Kiser - "House of Manson" (2014) Kiser actually had the "honor" of portraying Manson twice, once in 2009's "Lie" and again in 2014 for "House of Manson.". Theres no reason to treat me any different than the next guy, just because of my biological father Mostly I think I get left alone more than the other person.. Mary Theresa Manson. In 1984, one of his fellow inmates lit him on fire after Manson allegedly threatened the man. Many of the hospital's staff were members of the Family and it was used as a way to recruit potential new members as well. 2023 Southern California Public Radio - All Rights Reserved, The Ugly, Violent Clearing Of Chavez Ravine Before It Was Home To The Dodgers, The Secret, Sordid History Of Threemile House, A Den Of Iniquity In 1890s LA, The Murderous Lover Who Lived In A Silver Lake Attic. Manson had ambitions to be a rock star and Share often did . And getting to look at myself in the mirror, become Charles Manson, was really invaluable. After the trials, Fromme moved to Sacramento, where she avoided yet another murder conviction. Five people were murdered there: Tate,. Hughes. (Another Manson follower, Lynette Fromme, would also have an encounter with Page, sort of. The dynamics of cult life how people will live and die at the word of another are completely illogical. On the night of the LaBianca murders, Grogan set out with several Family members, but was sent by Manson to kill an actor fellow Family member Linda Kasabian had recently met. Manson had a net worth of $400,000 at the time of his death in 2017. (Note: Sadie was Susan Atkins' nickname in the Manson family.). She was enraged that Watson murdered her daughter and grandchild, yet was allowed to father children of his own. Members of the Manson Family, as his followers were called, slaughtered five of its victims on Aug. 9, 1969: actress Sharon Tate, who was 8 1/2 months pregnant, coffee heiress Abigail Folger,. On the night of August 8, 1969, four Manson family members (Susan, Tex Watson, Patricia Krenwinkel, and Linda Kasabian) drove to the home of well-known director Roman Polanski. Her family members declined to care for him so he was adopted and renamed. His followers bought into it and agreed to commit acts of unparalleled barbarity on their leader's behalf. According to testimony from ex-followers, Manson intended to incite a race war by framing the Black Panthers for the murders of various wealthy, white people. In 2016, her parole attempt was delayed by her lawyers' assertion that she was suffering from "intimate partner battery" at the time of her crimes, a legal defense that has been used to free individuals who suffered abuse at the hands of romantic partners or family members. Vincent Bugliosi, the lead prosecutor who helped put Manson and the family behind bars said it would have been extremely difficult to do so without Kasabians first-hand testimony. Watkins died in 1990 of leukemia, when Claire was a child. He is currently being held at the California Medical Facility in Vacaville and was most recently denied parole in April 2019. Baldwin Hills communities began with an Olympic village in 1932 and later became home to affluent Black families in L.A. case of some of the Manson cult members. In August 1969, Kasabian was instructed by Manson to carry a knife, a change of clothing and her drivers license. It also is updated with the current status and age of other people still living. The state of California got rid of those visits for prisoners serving life sentences in the late 1990s. In November 2022, Van Houten waived her right to a hearing for a year. She lingered outside the courthouse and carved an "X" in her forehead, just as her accused companions did. Patricia Krenwinkel - Participated in the Murders of Sharon Tate and Rosemary and Leno LaBianca. She also participated in the LaBianca murders the following night, assisting Van Houten and Watson in the murder of Rosemary. Very small cults, such as the Manson Family, do not really need this.However, large cults, such as the People's Temple and Scientology, need appealing figures to do the recruiting. Watkins would testify that on New Year's Eve of that year, Manson gathered the family together to tell them about Helter Skelter. The Boys. This story updated with the most recent rejection of a parole recommendation for Van Houten. Grogan did, however, participate along with Bruce Davis and Charles Manson in the murder of Shea in late August 1969. With AP wires. A PhD candidate at UCLA, hippie, activist, drug dealer, and musician, Hinman was close to the group, but not in it. What questions do you have about Southern California? Baby Yoda is Way Older Than You Think, But It Makes Sense Why, This Supermodel-Approved Wrinkle-Smoothing Device Is Discounted By 20% During the Brand's Friends & Family Sale, Shoppers Say This TikTok-Viral Mascara Makes Their Natural Lashes 'Look Like Falsies'. She was present the night of the LaBianca murders as well, but stayed in the car. He eventually found himself doing various odd jobs at Spahn Ranch where he befriended ranch hand and movie stuntman Donald Shea. While the man was an arch manipulator who could conduct his 'Family' group from afar with serious aplomb, compared to the abilities of Jim Jones, Manson . He not only watched as Manson cut Mr. Hinman's face open with a sword, but held him at gunpoint while Manson was doing so. Rod also co-founded the Re-Entry Therapy, Information and Referral Network (RETIRN) UK which offers advice and counselling to individuals and families affected by harmful groups or relationships (www.retirn.com). Bobby Beausoleil grew up in Santa Barbara. She used her combination of age and hipness to recruit other girls to Manson. Because she was not allowed to return to California as a condition of her parole, she instead moved to Vermont where she took an assumed name. Charles Manson leaves court after deferring a plea on murder charges. Culture. Atkins was sentenced to death in 1971, which was, like the others' sentences, commuted to life in 1972. Over two nights in August 1969 . Be wary of charisma and charm and people who are devoted to a messiah-like leader because while it is great to believe in big beautiful ideas it can also be the road to cult slavery and servitude. It is not clear where Good lives now. (California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation | Wally Fong/AP, File). But one employee triggered the silent alarm, and the robbery fizzled. Various members participated in two brutal and shocking murder scenes in the summer of 1969. Fromme finally found herself behind bars in the mid-'70s. While this was going on, the man had gotten up, and I saw Tex on top of him, hitting him on the head and stabbing him, and the man was struggling, and then I saw [Krenwinkel] in the background with [Abigail Folger], chasing after her with an upraised knife, and I just turned and ran to the car down at the bottom of the hill," Kasabian said. Grogan was initially sentenced to death but his sentence was commuted to life in prison. Patricia Krenwinkel grew up in Los Angeles as the quiet daughter of an insurance salesman and a stay-at-home mom. On Aug. 8, hours before the Cielo Drive murders, Brunner and follower Sandra Good were arrested for using stolen credit cards. In 1971, Grogan was convicted of first degree murder for the crime. Gavin Newsom reversed that decision. She dropped out after approximately two months. Nearly 50 years later, many members of the Manson Family are still kicking, albeit under the custody of the California penal system. Mary Brunner, born on December 17, 1943 in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, is a former member of the Charles Manson Family. The news sites said she was listed in the death notices in The News Tribune of Tacoma under the name Linda Chiochios. When Dianne Lake joined the Charles Manson 's "Family," she was just 14 - the youngest recruit. This story was originally published on January 6, 2017. According to some reports, Grogan was the one who allegedly crashed Beach Boy Dennis Wilson's Ferrari. Atkins was also present on the night of the Cielo Drive murders and used Tate's blood to write "PIG" on the front door of the home. fn 173. It was Robert who would lead Linda to Los Angeles, inviting her to come live with him following a brief split during which she had gone to live with her mother in New Hampshire. In order to become one of Manson's select acolytes, members had to follow the Manson Family rules. And then he just fell to the ground into the bushes. The rules, which range from giving up books entirely to mandatory sex with other Family members, were assumed to be a test on Manson's part to see how far his followers would go to prove their loyalty to him. In addition to gaining members through Johnson, Santiniketan member Marion Villimek, also contributed a great deal. At the time of her death, she was the longest-serving female inmate in the state of California. Other accounts maintain that she and Atkins smothered Hinman with a pillow to finish him off after Beausoleil stabbed him. Kasabian intentionally led the group to the wrong house and they did not kill anyone that night. Brunner ended up settling with Manson and the rest of his followers at Spahn Ranch. In 1993, Michael told a reporter who tracked him down that he had never visited Manson "nor do I have any desire to see him. As she was dying, she requested compassionate release but she was denied by the California Board of Parole. Manson Family members Robert Beausoleil, 21, pictured, Bruce Davis, 26, and Susan Atkins, 21, torture and kill Gary Hinman in the musician's Topanga, California . . Michael Haering/Herald Examiner Collection/Los Angeles Public LibraryMary Brunner (second from the right) and other Manson Family members go on their daily dumpster dive, scavenging for food. While Manson was persuading his fleet of followers that he was a reincarnation of Christ (sure, bud! She managed Newhaven Hospital, a psychiatric hospital which treated many of its patients with LSD. As mentioned, Linda Kasabian was a member of the Manson Family a group defined as a cult, led by Charles Manson, who was responsible for the violent murders of seven people (including an. Visit us at http://www.HISTORY.com for more info. But the Manson followers were living in an altered state of consciousness and existence aided also by drugs and where the normal rules of society just didnt apply in the cosy family that Manson had constructed. When her parole ended, she uprooted her life and move to Hanford, California to be closer to Manson, despite being denied visiting privileges. She would transport Charles Tex Watson, Susan Atkins, and Patricia Krenwinkel to 10050 Cielo Drive, the residence of famous director Roman Polanski and his wife, Sharon Tate, who was eight months pregnant. - HISTORY How Did Charles Manson Recruit His Followers? Gary Hinman's name isn't as well known as the Tate-Labiancas, neither is Shorty Shea's. Even less well-known are the names, Lauren and James Willett. These terrible crimes were the ultimate act of loyalty and reinforcement of the cult identity for the followers - like suicide bombers this probably felt like the best thing they could have possibly done . "These were some of the most horrific crimes in California history, and we believe [Watson] continues to exhibit a lack of remorse and remains a public safety risk," L.A. County District Attorney Jackie Lacey said in a statement. Linda Kasabian, a Manson family cult member who testified against leader Charles Manson, died recently at a hospital in Tacoma, Washington, outlets reported Tuesday. Brunner, suffering a wound to her hand from police officers gunfire, was arrested, convicted, and sentenced to 20 years to life. Mary Brunner and Catherine Share, who helped raid the Western Surplus store, arrive in court in 1971 to learn of their $100,000 bail. Charles Manson was born Nov. 12, 1934, to an impoverished 16-year-old single mother named Kathleen Maddox, who, when she wasn't in prison, lived a peripatetic life . A previous version of this story misidentified Bruce Davis as Tex Watson in the caption under his photos. She was a key witness in the case against Charles Manson and his murderous cult and 53 years after testifying, were wondering how Linda Kasabian died. Being slightly older than the other female Family Members and became something like a den mother to them. On May 26, 2022, Krenwinkel was approved for parole. On April 15, 1968, after arriving in Los Angeles, Brunner gave birth to a child: Valentine Michael Manson, named after a character in the sci-fi novel, Stranger In A Strange Land. Every one of them was killed, as well as 18-year-old Stephen Parent, a friend of the home's caretaker. Brunner (like most members of the family) acquired a number of aliases such as Marioche, Och, Mother Mary, Mary Manson, Linda Dee Manson, and Christine Marie Euchts.. She joined his commune and traveled with him for several months. But her quiet, stable life took a turn in 1967 when she met a man named Charles Manson, whod just gotten released after seven years in federal prison. He met Mary Brunner, a college-educated library worker, near Haight-Ashbury in San Francisco and moved into her apartment. Prior to his death on Nov. 19, 2017, Manson had been serving his life sentence at Corcoran State Prison in Central California, where he'd been incarcerated since 1989. Charles Manson's 'right-hand man' Bruce Davis denied parole for seventh time Bruce Davis, shown in 2018, was convicted of two brutal murders carried out in 1969 with Manson "family" members. Valentine Michael Manson later changed his name to Michael Brunner, further distancing himself from his notorious father. Charles Manson, who has died at 83, led a gang of murderers fiercely loyal to him. Then Gov. Linda Dubrow-Marshall is a member of the Advisory Board of the International Cultic Studies Association and co-founded the Re-Entry Therapy, Information and Referral Network (RETIRN) UK which offers advice and counselling to individuals and families affected by harmful groups or relationships (, Rod Dubrow-Marshall received funding from the Economic and Social Research Council for the recent Social Science Festival event "Coercive Persuasion in the Era of Fake News". Marioche. A young Mary Brunner, the mother of one of Charles Mansons children. A court declined to reverse Newsom's decision. That listing gives the date of her death as Jan. 21, 2023. Manson's hold over his followers was graphically illustrated in 1969, when the Family carried out several murders on Manson's orders. In April 1968, Brunner gave birth to a child named Valentine Michael Manson, Charles Manson's biological son. In early 2016, Gov. Mansons lasting legacy is hopefully that people will increasingly see through such cult leaders quicker and avoid them more easily than the followers who devoted their lives and murdered others to prove themselves as true devotees. The women had to be attractive or else he would find other uses for them. Born on December 17, 1943, Mary Theresa Brunner was raised by all accounts in a typical Midwestern family in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. For those who were and choose to believe in this wonderful, life-affirming opportunity, the search for salvation in bondage to the cult leader had begun. However, Kasabian instead went to the wrong apartment. She said that she told Tate that she had no mercy for her, as Tate begged for her and her baby's lives. He was most recently eligible for parole in October 2016. Many of the Manson followers went to prison for their crimes, and some felt tremendous guilt later about their actions. She is now 75 and next scheduled for a parole hearing this November. He eventually helped authorities recover Shea's remains and in 1985, he was paroled making him one of the few Manson followers to be released from prison. Everyone had to be willing to do whatever it took to please him and they had to share similar beliefs and back stories. As mentioned, Linda Kasabian was a member of the Manson Familya group defined as a cult, led by Charles Manson, who was responsible for the violent murders of seven people (including an unborn child) in Los Angles in two nights of mayhem in August 1969. The other four, including Aryan Brotherhood members Michael Monfort and James Craig, confessed and Fromme was the only one of them to avoid charges. He claimed in a magazine interview that Mary Brunner had little to do with the murders: Mary Brunner was just scared to death. But when the rest of her adoptive clan faced prison for the killings, Brunner did her part to fight back. Just after midnight on Aug. 9, they broke into the home of actress Sharon Tate and filmmaker Roman Polanski at 10050 Cielo Drive in Benedict Canyon. But before that apogee, there was Hinman. Her death was reported in the Tacoma News Tribune, but the cause of death was not revealed right away, said a report by the Guardian.Kasabian had kept a low profile since the deaths and had changed her name to "Chiochios" to disguise her identity, according to . (Los Angeles Herald Examiner Photo Collection. At least until 2006, Good was still a loyal supporter, calling into talk shows to claim Manson's innocence. Born Linda Darlene Drouin, Kasabian took her second husbands last name when they wed in 1967. Tate was murdered by followers of cult leader Charles Manson in 1969. The story of the Manson Family cult is a main plot point in Quentin Tarantino's new film, Once Upon a Time in Hollywood, where Margot Robbie plays Sharon Tate. He participated in the Cielo Drive murders, personally shooting Steven Parent and Jay Sebring, and assisted in the other slayings. She and four others were arrested for the murders of James and Lauren Willett. Mary Brunner, center, in Los Angeles court, June 1970. When cult leader Charles Manson and his "family" carried out their infamous nine-person killing spree in 1969 Los Angeles, the events sent shockwaves across America. Good represented herself in court and was sentenced to 15 years although she would only serve 10. On November 9, 2021, a California parole panel recommended for the fifth time that Van Houten be freed from prison. This story was updated with the property where Tate and others were killed being back on the market. Over time the Manson-type cult leader becomes a dominant part of the followers identity and their self-esteem. Her . Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme, left, being led away after she pointed a gun at President Gerald Ford in Sacramento, Calif., on Sep. 5, 1975, and, right, five years earlier at a pretrial hearing in 1970 for Charles Manson in Los Angeles. Together, she and Robert lived in the hippie communes of Topanga Canyon. Linda is a registered accredited counsellor/psychotherapist with the British Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy and a registered counselling and clinical psychologist with the Health and Care Professions Council. According to Bugliosi's Helter Skelter: Valentine Michael ("Pooh Bear"), the son of Manson and Mary Brunner, was raised by Mary's parents in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. Mostly young women from middle-class backgrounds, they were convinced to join his . She also remained devoted to him, even after his other followers had renounced him. Frykowski was bound by a towel but managed to free himself. She dropped out during her junior year of high school and relocated to San Francisco. He is 75. She testified she saw Wojciech Frykowski exit the house. Sharon Tate, left, and at right, her body being taken from her rented house in the Bel-Air area of Los Angeles on Aug. 9, 1969. Members did, however, engage in some leisure activity. John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes FoundationA young Mary Brunner, the mother of one of Charles Mansons children. She has earned a bachelor's degree in human services and is involved with various prison programs. Bruce Davis, left, appearing during is parole hearing in Nov. 16, 2011, and Davis in a courtroom, right, at an extradition hearing in 1970. Manson was not a model prisoner, and was cited numerous times for contraband and other violations. In 1971, on the tail end of the Tate murder trial, Brunner and other Family members hatched a plan to hijack a Boeing 747 and kill one passenger every minute until Manson and the rest were released. She bore his son, aided in a murder, and attempted to hijack a plane in his name. If you act against Manson you are acting against yourself and all that youve invested in him. How A Librarian From Wisconsin Became Charles Mansons First Recruit, A foodie, wanderlust victim, professional Francophile, and history nerd, Andrew Milne is a freelance writer who has worked at outlets like Bon Apptit and Food Network, and currently runs content at, Discover The Secrets Of Skinwalker Ranch, From Navajo Shapeshifters To UFO Encounters, Brain Activity Of Dying Patient Shows Life Really Does Flash Before Our Eyes During Death, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch, John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Foundation.
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